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    • Home
    • Shop
    • Training & Certifications
    • About NPCA
    • Application/Score Sheets
    • Awards
    • Memberships
    • Certification Protocol
    • EOD Safety Guide & Quiz
    • Legal Updates & News
    • Links
    • Master Score Sheets
    • Online Master Score Sheet
    • National Training Seminar
    • NPCA in action
    • Photos
    • Rule Book
    • Updated Rule Changes
    • Policy- Bylaws-Minutes
National Police Canine Association
  • Home
  • Shop
  • Training & Certifications
  • About NPCA
  • Application/Score Sheets
  • Awards
  • Memberships
  • Certification Protocol
  • EOD Safety Guide & Quiz
  • Legal Updates & News
  • Links
  • Master Score Sheets
  • Online Master Score Sheet
  • National Training Seminar
  • NPCA in action
  • Photos
  • Rule Book
  • Updated Rule Changes
  • Policy- Bylaws-Minutes

Court Recognition of NPCA Certification

 

Court Recognition of NPCA Certification


The National Police Canine Association (NPCA) has actively sought to identify and document court proceedings in which NPCA certifications and training standards have been recognized and accepted as evidence of professional competency.

In 2016, an NPCA-certified canine officer testified in federal court in Los Angeles, California, in a case in which the validity and credibility of NPCA certification were challenged. The defense retained expert witness Andre “Andy” Falco to question whether the NPCA was a nationally recognized organization and whether its certification standards met appropriate professional standards.


During the proceedings, the NPCA provided portions of its governing rules and certification materials documenting its training requirements, certification procedures, and qualifications. The court proceedings included detailed examination of the NPCA's standards and certification practices.


The court ultimately accepted the NPCA certification and training standards. The resulting decision was subsequently upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth District.


The available case materials provide valuable insight into the examination and legal consideration of NPCA certification, including:

  • Motions filed by the parties
  • Expert opinions and testimony
  • Relevant court transcripts
  • NPCA rules and certification requirements submitted as evidence
  • The court's decision regarding NPCA certification and training
  • The appellate decision upholding the certification and training standards


These documents are available below in Downloads #1 for review and reference.

Legal Updates & News

2023

2023

2023

 US vs Covington


Covington Opinion


United States District Court Eastern District Pennsylvania


2022

2023

2023

  US vs. Gerard Smith


Update on Case from 

Wendell Nope


United States District Court Western District Of Louisiana Lafayette Division 

2021

2023

2021

"Covington Storage Locker Opinion"


NPCA Certs - Comparison to best practices



2020

2020

2021

  "United States vs. Gomez"


Expert Witness - Wendell Nope

2016

2020

2016

Colorado Marijuana Odor Opinion: 


2016 CO 52 

No. 16SA92, People v. Zuniga—Probable Cause to Search—Totality of the Circumstances—Marijuana Odor  


Arizona Supreme Court: Marijuana odor is enough to allow searches: 

News Story

Legal Briefs

Downloads for the following cases can be found below:


Rodriguez vs. U.S. 


Case outcome- US District Court, Ohio


Ohio vs Rhee – Outcome 


Case outcome- Supreme Court vs Jardines-Florida vs Jardine


Case outcome- Supreme Court vs Harris


Case outcome vs Steve Nicely as expert witness - Falkenburry


Ruling for case in Arizona (Steve Nicely as expert witness)


Civil Dog Bite Case


Ohio-Civil Dog bite case


Here is a couple of news articles on the current status of the Dogs sniffing houses issue.  


Brief on Jardines:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/03/drug-dogs-constitutional_n_1181133.html


Brief on Harris:

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/11/21/2513496_are-there-limits-to-drug-sniffing.html


Drug-Sniffing Dog Will Get His Day At U.S. Supreme Court  

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/06/drug-sniffing-dog-us-supreme-court-franky_n_1189757.html


The Canine Legal Update and Opinions Web Site at http://www.k9fleck.org has been updated for 2011. 


In addition to the updates, I welcome any specific questions that you may have and would like to answer these questions in the articles. 


Please contact me with any questions by visiting my Canine Legal Update and   Opinions web site at www.k9fleck.org   or by e-mail, Terry Fleck.


Steve Nicely Update-November 2012

Steve Nicely Document


SWGDOG (Scientific Working Group on Dog and Orthogonal Detector Guidelines) www.swgdog.org

SWGDOG is a forum aimed at addressing the broadly expressed need to improve the performance, reliability, and courtroom defensibility of detector dog teams.

LIT Study

 

SWGDOG’s response to Lit Study

 

President Terry Anderson’s response to LIT Study







Downloads #1

Covington Opinion (pdf)

Download

U.S. v. Gerard Smith — Evidentiary Hearing Ruling (pdf)

Download

Woodford Declaration (pdf)

Download

Daubert Motion (pdf)

Download

Mendoza Case — March 1, 2016 (pdf)

Download

Solorio-Mendoza Court Order (pdf)

Download

Downloads #2

2021 Covington Storage Locker Opinion (pdf)

Download

United States v. Gomez (pdf)

Download

Rodriguez — Supreme Court Brief (pdf)

Download

Rhee (pdf)

Download

Jardines decision (pdf)

Download

Harris (pdf)

Download

Falkenburry (pdf)

Download

Ohio (pdf)

Download

Harris Justified Amicus Request US Sp Ct1 (pdf)

Download

Jardines Final Sup.Ct (pdf)

Download

Steve Nicely update by Terry Fleck (pdf)

Download

Nicely Update (pdf)

Download

LIT (pdf)

Download

SWGDOG (pdf)

Download

President Terry Anderson (pdf)

Download

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