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    • Home
    • Shop
    • Training & Certifications
    • National Training Seminar
    • Application/Score Sheets
    • Master Score Sheets
    • Rule Book
    • Updated Rule Changes
    • Certification Protocol
    • Awards
    • About NPCA
    • Photos
    • EOD Safety Guide & Quiz
    • Legal Updates & News
    • Policy- Bylaws-Minutes
    • Links
National Police Canine Association
  • Home
  • Shop
  • Training & Certifications
  • National Training Seminar
  • Application/Score Sheets
  • Master Score Sheets
  • Rule Book
  • Updated Rule Changes
  • Certification Protocol
  • Awards
  • About NPCA
  • Photos
  • EOD Safety Guide & Quiz
  • Legal Updates & News
  • Policy- Bylaws-Minutes
  • Links

Legal Information:

NPCA was looking for court cases where the certifications were accredited/accepted in court.   In 2016 a NPCA CO testified in Los Angeles Federal Court where the NPCA certification was brought into question.  The defense (high priced cartel attorney) hired Andre (Andy) Falco to try and say that NPCA was not a nationally recognized organization and the certification was substandard.  We ultimately won the case and it was upheld in 5th District Appeals Court.    There is some really good questioning of Falco by the Asst. US Attorney.  We had to submit portions of the NPCA rule book that outlined the certification and qualifications.  You can find the motions that were filed, the expert opinions, court transcripts, as well as the decision to uphold the certification and training by the appeals court below in the Downloads #1.   

Legal Updates & News

2023

2023

2023

  

2023

US vs Covington


Covington Opinion


"United States District Court Eastern District  Pennsylvania


Click on file below. 

2022

2023

2023

  

2022

US vs. Gerard Smith

Update on Case from 

Wendell Nope


"United States District Court Western District  Of Louisiana Lafayette Division 


Click on file below. 

2021

2023

2021

  

2021

"Covington Storage Locker Opinion"

NPCA Certs-Comparison to best practices-Read the Courts Opinion


Click on file below. 

2020

Legal Briefs

2021

  

2020

"United States vs. Gomez"


Expert Witness Wendell Nope


Click on file below. 

2016

Legal Briefs

Legal Briefs

Colorado Marijuana Odor Opinion: 2016 CO 52 

No. 16SA92, People v. Zuniga—Probable Cause to Search—Totality of the Circumstances—Marijuana Odor  


Arizona Supreme Court: Marijuana odor is enough to allow searches: http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona/2016/07/11/arizona-supreme-court-to-decide-marijuana-search-issue/86944772/

Legal Briefs

Legal Briefs

Legal Briefs

Downloads for the cases are below. 

  

Legal Brief: Will be argued in U.S. Supreme Court-

Rodriguez vs. U.S. 

Case outcome- US District Court, Ohio

Ohio vs Rhee – Outcome 

Case outcome- Supreme Court vs Jardines-Florida vs Jardine

Case outcome- Supreme Court vs Harris

Case outcome vs Steve Nicely as expert witness-Falkenburry

Ruling for case in Arizona (Steve Nicely as expert witness)

Civil Dog Bite Case

Ohio-Civil Dog bite case


Here is a couple of news articles on the current status of the Dogs sniffing houses issue.  

Brief on Jardines:

Brief on Harris:

Here are the links:  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/03/drug-dogs-constitutional_n_1181133.html

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/11/21/2513496_are-there-limits-to-drug-sniffing.html

Drug-Sniffing Dog Will Get His Day At U.S. Supreme Court  

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/06/drug-sniffing-dog-us-supreme-court-franky_n_1189757.html


The Canine Legal Update and Opinions Web Site at http://www.k9fleck.org has been updated   for 2011. In addition to the updates, I welcome any specific questions that   you may have, and would like to answer these questions in the articles.   Please contact me with any questions by visiting my Canine Legal Update and   Opinions web site at www.k9fleck.org   or by e-mail, Terry Fleck.

Steve Nicely Update-November 2012

Steve Nicely Document


SWGDOG (Scientific Working Group on Dog and Orthogonal Detector Guidelines) www.swgdog.org

SWGDOG is a forum aimed at addressing the broadly expressed need to improve the performance, reliability, and courtroom defensibility of detector dog teams.

LIT Study

 

SWGDOG’s response to Lit Study

 

President Terry Anderson’s response to LIT Study


Downloads #1

Covington Opinion (pdf)

Download

us-v-gerard-smith-evidentiary-hearing-ruling (pdf)

Download

Woodford Declaration (pdf)

Download

Daubert Motion (pdf)

Download

mendoza030116 (pdf)

Download

solorio-mendoza order1 (pdf)

Download

Downloads #2

2021 Covington Storage Locker Opinion (pdf)

Download

United States v. Gomez (pdf)

Download

Rod-Supreme_CT_Brief (pdf)

Download

Rhee (pdf)

Download

Jardines decision (pdf)

Download

Harris (pdf)

Download

Falkenburry (pdf)

Download

Ohio (pdf)

Download

Harris Justified Amicus Request US Sp Ct1 (pdf)

Download

Jardines Final Sup.Ct (pdf)

Download

Steve Nicely update by Terry Fleck (pdf)

Download

Nicely Update (pdf)

Download

LIT (pdf)

Download

SWGDOG (pdf)

Download

President (pdf)

Download

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